The mobile phone allows the public switched telephone system to be called over the radio link.
The mobile phone allows the public switched telephone system to be called over the radio link. Early mobile phones were often bulky and permanently installed in vehicles, and they provided limited service because only a few frequencies were available for a geographic area. Modern cellular cellular or mobile phones utilize the cellular network concept, where frequency is reused within urban areas, allowing more users to share access to radio bandwidth. Mobile phones allow calls to be placed over a wide geographic area, typically a subscriber to a telephone service and do not own a base station. In contrast, cordless phones are only used within the scope of a single private base station.
Mobile phones can make and receive phone calls from the public telephone network, including other mobile and landline telephones around the world. It is implemented by connecting to a cellular network provided by a mobile network operator. In addition to the phone, modern mobile phones also support a variety of other services such as SMS, MMS, email, Internet access, short-range wireless communication (infrared, Bluetooth), business applications, gaming and photography. Mobile phones that provide these more general computing capabilities are known as smart phones.
The first commercial automated cellular network (1G) was launched by NTT in Japan in 1979, initially in the metropolitan area of Tokyo. Within five years, the NTT network has expanded to cover the entire Japanese population and become the first nationwide 1G network. In 1981, the Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) system was subsequently launched in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. NMT is the first mobile phone network to adopt international roaming. The first 1G network launched in the United States in 1983 was Chicago Ameritech using Motorola's DynaTAC handset. Several countries followed in the 1980s, including the United Kingdom, Mexico and Canada. The first modern network technology for digital 2G cellular technology was the GSM standard introduced by Radiodiola in Finland in 1991. When Radiolinja challenged the existing Finnish telecommunications company operating the 1G NMT network, it marked the introduction of mobile telecommunications competition.
Low-end phones are often referred to as feature phones, providing basic phone calls, as well as playing music and taking photos, and sometimes offering simple applications based on a common hosting platform such as Java ME or BREW. A mobile phone with more advanced computing power through the use of native software applications is called a smartphone. The first smartphone was the 1996 Nokia 9000 Communicator, which added PDA functionality to basic phones at the time. With the miniaturization and enhanced processing power of microchips, more and more functions have been added to mobile phones. The concept of smart phones has been developed. Five-year-old high-end smartphones are today's standard mobile phones.
Other features that may be included on the phone include GPS navigation, music (MP3) and video (MP4) playback, RDS radio receiver, alarm clock, memo, personal digital assistant function, ability to view streaming video, video download, video call, built-in Camera and camcorder with auto focus and flash, ringtone, game, PTT, memory card reader (SD), USB (2.0), dual line support, infrared, Bluetooth (2.0) and WiFi connection, instant messaging, internet email And browse as a wireless modem. Nokia and Cambridge showcased a flexible phone called Morph. If the phone and point of sale support Near Field Communication (NFC), some phones can make mobile payments either through a direct mobile billing plan or by contacting fewer payments. Some of the largest mobile phone manufacturers and network providers, as well as many retailers, support or plan to support fewer payments via NFC-enabled mobile phones.
A GSM mobile phone requires a small microchip called a subscriber identity module or SIM card to operate. The size of the SIM card is about the same size as the stamp, usually below the battery at the back of the device. The SIM securely stores a Service Subscriber Key (IMSI) for identifying the subscriber on the mobile telephone device. The SIM card allows the user to change the phone by simply removing the SIM card from one mobile phone and plugging it into another mobile phone or broadband phone device. The SIM card contains its unique serial number, the mobile user's International Unique Number (IMSI), secure authentication and encryption information, temporary information related to the local network, a list of services accessible to the user, and two passwords.
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